初小史地组 | 周游列国，品读经典

G1-8History and Geography Department: A Learning Journey with the Chinese Sages

游学春秋战国 博采先贤智慧

品读中国典籍 走向世界共荣

春秋战国时期，百家争鸣，是一个群星闪耀的时代。至圣先贤们用他们的智慧探索中国社会的发展方向，由此诞生了儒家、道家、法家等诸多思想流派，这些学派对后世产生了深远的影响。5月23日和24日，六年级的同学们在陈璐老师的带领下，于历史课上化身为春秋战国的学子，开启了一段奇妙的游学之旅。

此次游学之旅共设七站，每一站，同学们将通过短剧表演了解一个春秋战国时期的思想流派。六年级20余名同学历时一个多月的排练，为大家呈现了一场精彩生动的演出，拉近了同学们和中国经典古籍之间的距离。

游学第一站是函谷关。老子骑青牛过函谷关，关令尹喜劝说他写下了道家经典《道德经》。书中老子谈到“合抱之木，生于毫末；九层之台，起于累土；千里之行，始于足下”，要抵达目标，重点不在于距离远近，而在于迈出第一步以及不断地坚持。

第二站是孔子的儒学课堂，穿越而来的上中国际学子闯入其中，和孔子展开一场友谊赛。孔子虽精于六艺，但在烘焙比拼中不如这位现代学子。孔子说“三人行必有我师”，学习也应“不耻下问”。

随后登场的是向孟子求问治国之道的齐宣王。孟子通过祭祀小牛和照拂老人的故事让齐宣王认识到国君应“老吾老以及人之老，幼吾幼以及人之幼”，仁爱宽厚，方能国泰民安。

春秋战国时期战乱频繁，如何在战场上取得胜利？昔日同窗的孙膑、庞涓，在战场上相遇，孙膑以“善战者，见敌之所长，则知其所短”，运用“围魏救赵”的计谋击败庞涓，并使魏国元气大伤。

能言善辩的稷下学宫的学者淳于髡，以隐语劝谏齐威王“国中有鸟为何三年不鸣”，使之“一鸣惊人”，并以“酒极则乱，乐极则悲”警醒齐王罢除了夜饮和奢靡之风。

庄子和惠子关于“有用、无用”的讨论，“庖丁解牛”的游刃有余，“吾生也有涯，而知也无涯”的感叹，引发同学思考何为“有用”，如何在有限的生命中追寻无涯的知识。

游学最后一站来到楚国兰陵，韩非、李斯在荀子门下求学数年即将离去。临行前两位学生向老师说出自己对未来的设想和抱负。荀子一边教导学生“兼容并蓄”各家思想，一边感慨他们是“青出于蓝而胜于蓝”的好学生。

周游列国的学习之旅结束了，陈老师继续引导同学讨论、分享自己今天的收获。生活在一个不断发展变化的时代，我们要做“终身学习者”。学什么、怎么学、向谁学……都是需要思考的问题。6（8）的Leo谈到孔子的“三人行必有我师焉”，说明学习者应该有热情，不错过任何向身边的人学习的机会。Elaine对荀子的“兼容并包”印象深刻，她觉得学习者应该具有博大的胸襟，不设限的学习才能开拓更广阔的认知领域，实现“青取之于蓝而青于蓝”。6（9）的Sophie认为学习者应该像庄子所说，不被旧有的认识界定，敢于突破，不断创新。最终，同学们讨论总结出“学习者”应该是兼容并包的、热情的、有梦想和目标的、值得信赖与合作的、有良好品德的、有说服力的、有创新精神的。

中国的经典古籍中蕴含了东方的哲学和智慧，六年级的历史老师们一起上台，向同学们分享了自己喜欢的中文经典语句，如老子的“上善若水，道法自然”；孙膑的“百折不挠，运筹帷幄”；孟子的“尊老爱幼，德行天下”；韩非子的“赏罚分明，以法为教”等，希望同学们成长为具有世界公民意识的独立学习者，通过品读中国文化典籍，广泛撷取先贤智慧，认识和弘扬中国文化，促进世界文化共同繁荣发展。

G1-8 History and Geography Department: A Learning Journey with the Chinese Sages

Travel to the states,Learn from Chinese sages,Read the Chinese classics,Promote common prosperity in the world.

During the Spring and Autumn of the Warring States Period, a hundred schools of thought were contending in an era of shining stars. The sages used their wisdom to restore order to Chinese society, which gave birth to many schools of thought such as Confucianism, Daoism, and Legalism. These ideas would enlighten people for more than two thousand years. On May 23rd and 24th, the sixth-grade students travelled back to the Spring and Autumn of the Warring States in history class under the guidance of Ms. Chen, embarking on a wonderful learning journey with the Chinese sages.

This learning journey consisted of seven stops. At each one, students would learn about a school of thought through a short play performance. Over 20 students from the sixth grade practiced for more than a month to present a wonderful and vivid performance, bringing all the students closer to the ancient Chinese classics.

The first stop on the journey was the Hangu Pass. There the students witnessed as Lao Zi rode through the pass, where he was persuaded by Yin Xi, the Pass Commander, to write the Daoist classic "Tao Te Ching". In this book, Lao Zi said, "The wood of a huge tree is born from the smallest of roots; a nine-story platform is built on the ground; a journey of a thousand miles begins with the first step". To reach the goal, the focus is not on the distance, but on taking the first step and continuous persistence.

The second stop was Confucius' classroom, where an SHSIDer broke into it and disrupted Confucius’ teaching. There was a friendly competition between Confucius and the SHSIDer. Although Confucius was proficient in the six classical arts, he was not as good as the modern student when it came to a “baking competition”. Confucius said, "In a group of three, there must be one whom I can learn from." Learning should, “never feel ashamed to ask questions”. This is the way to learn more.

The next story took place in the Palace of the state of Qi. King Xuan asked Mencius for advice on how to rule the country. Through a story about sacrificing a calf and taking care of the elderly, Mencius made King Xuan of Qi realize that the ruler should "take care of the old and the young", and be benevolent and generous to the people if he wanted to bring peace to the country.

During the Warring States Period, there were many battles fought between different states. Sun Bin and Pang Juan, who once studied together and later they met on the battlefield. Sun Bin said, “those who are skilled in warfare will know the enemy's strengths and weaknesses”. He used the strategy of "Besieging Wei to Rescue Zhao" to defeat Pang Juan, and further weakened the Wei state.

The eloquent scholar of Jixia Academy named Chunyu Kun, advised King Wei of Qi with a cryptic question: "Why did a bird in the kingdom not sing for three years?” This question was asked to make King Wei change his ruling which amazed his people. Chinyu Kun also warned the king of Qi to abandon the habit of drinking at night and indulging in extravagance with the saying, "Extreme wine leads to chaos, as well as extreme happiness leads to sorrow.”

On the next stop through time, students witnessed a discussion between Zhuang Zi and Hui Zi where they talked about, "Usefulness and Uselessness", the skillfulness of the main character in the story called "The Cook Cutting up An Ox", and the idea that, "there is a limit to our life, but to knowledge there is no limit." These discussions prompted the students to think about what "usefulness" is defined as, and how to pursue the infinite learning in their limited life.

The last stop of the learning journey was at Lanling, in the state of Chu, where Han Fei and Li Si were about to leave after learning from Xun Zi for several years. Before their departure, these two students represented their goals and ambitions to the teacher. Xun Zi taught them to be "inclusive" of various schools of thought, and at the same time he said they were good students who surpassed their teacher, as the saying, "Indigo blue is extracted from the indigo plant, but is bluer than the plant it comes from".

At this point, the learning journey around the states came to an end and Ms. Chen guided students to discuss and share what they had learned from today’s journey. Living in an era of continuous development and changes, we should keep learning for our whole lives. What to learn, how to learn, and who to learn from, are important questions that need to be considered. Leo from 6 (8) said Confucius’ idea that, "In a group of three, there must be one whom I can learn from" indicated that learners should have enthusiasm and not miss any opportunity to learn from people around them. Elaine was deeply impressed by Xun Zi's "inclusiveness" and felt that learners should be broad-minded and unrestricted in their learning so they can explore a broader cognitive field and achieve the goal of "surpassing the teachers". Sophie from 6 (9) said that learners should not be bound by the known mind and as Zhuang Zi said, they should dare to break through and innovate constantly. The final conclusion of the discussion was that a "LEARNER" should be limitless, enthusiastic, ambitious, reliable, noble, eloquent, and radical.

The Chinese Classics contain Eastern philosophies and wisdom. All the sixth-grade history teachers also shared their favorite Chinese classic phrases in class, such as Lao Zi’s "The highest goodness is like water, and the Dao follows nature"; Sun Bin's "perseverance and strategic planning"; Mencius' "Respect the elderly, love the young, and conduct virtue throughout the world"; Han Feizi's "Clear Rewards and Punishments, Teaching by Law". They encouraged the students to be independent learners with a sense of global citizenship. Through reading the Chinese classics and learning the wisdom of the Chinese sages, students can understand and promote Chinese culture, promote common prosperity, and help better the world.

文章转载自：【上海中学国际部】